If a charged particle passes through an electrostatic field it is attracted to bodies that are opposite in charge. Such charges can be generated and imparted to particles in an air stream in much the same way that static charge develops during the combing of one's hair or just walking across a rug. When electrons are stripped from large quantities of molecules they result in positively charged molecules.
Particles of dirt typically carry a negative charge. If a filter media carries a positive charge, particles not otherwise collected by the filter might now be captured as a result of the particles attraction to the oppositely and positively charged bodies in the filter. This effect can occur inside filters which operate primarily by impaction and diffusion mechanisms but have their efficiencies enhanced by electrostatic effects.
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